Trafalgar Square, located in Westminster at the heart of London, is one of the city's most iconic public spaces. It was designed by architect John Nash and completed in the 1840s. The square commemorates the British naval victory at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805.
At the center of the square stands Nelson's Column, a 52-meter tall monument topped with a statue of Admiral Horatio Nelson, who died during the battle. The column, designed by William Railton, is flanked by four bronze lions sculpted by Edwin Landseer.
Surrounding the square are several notable buildings. The National Gallery, which houses a vast collection of Western European paintings, is located on the north side. To the east, one finds St Martin-in-the-Fields, an Anglican church known for its neoclassical architecture and its outreach programs for the homeless.
Trafalgar Square is also home to various plinths, with the Fourth Plinth being particularly interesting. Initially intended to hold an equestrian statue, it remained empty for over 150 years. Since 1999, it has showcased contemporary art pieces, chosen through public consultation and curated by the Fourth Plinth Commissioning Group.
One lesser-known fact about the square is the presence of a small police station. Located within what appears to be an ornamental light post at the southeast corner, this station was installed in 1926 and is reputed to be London's smallest police station.
The square also serves as a focal point for political demonstrations and community gatherings. Noteworthy events include the annual Mayor of London's New Year’s Eve celebrations, as well as protests and vigils, making it a symbol of free speech and public assembly.
Another curiosity is the Norwegian Christmas Tree, an annual gift from the city of Oslo. This tradition started in 1947 as a token of gratitude for British support during World War II.
Trafalgar Square's fountains, originally designed by Edwin Lutyens, were later replaced with modern versions by Sir Charles Barry in the late 1930s. These fountains incorporate energy-efficient pumps and LED lighting.
The square is not just a historic site but also a dynamic cultural space. It frequently hosts public art installations, performances, and festivals, reflecting its enduring role in London’s social and cultural life.