The Houses of Parliament, also known as the Palace of Westminster, is a key political hub in London, located near Victoria. This iconic building houses the two houses of Parliament: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. Constructed in the Gothic Revival style, the current structure was completed in 1876, following a devastating fire in 1834 that destroyed much of the original palace.
One of the most notable features of the Houses of Parliament is the Big Ben, which is actually the name of the largest of the clock’s bells, not the clock tower itself. The tower was renamed the Elizabeth Tower in 2012 in honor of Queen Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee. Big Ben is known for its accuracy and its distinct sound, which can be heard across Westminster. The tower stands at 316 feet (96 meters) tall and has 334 steps leading up to the belfry.
The architecture of the Houses of Parliament showcases intricate details, including the use of over 1,000 carved figures. These figures depict historical and mythical characters, with the most famous being the statue of Richard the Lionheart located in the Palace’s central courtyard. The building also features the impressive Victoria Tower, which is the tallest of the towers at 100 meters (330 feet) and houses the parliamentary archives.
Within the Houses of Parliament, the Central Lobby serves as a focal point for both MPs and visitors. Its stunning stained glass windows depict the four patron saints of the United Kingdom: St. George, St. Andrew, St. David, and St. Patrick. The Central Lobby also features the famous ‘green benches’ of the House of Commons, which are a nod to the historical color of the British parliamentary tradition.
Another hidden gem within the Palace is the Cloisters, which offer a quiet space away from the hustle and bustle of political life. These ancient walkways date back to the medieval period, and their serene ambiance provides a stark contrast to the formalities of parliamentary sessions.
The Houses of Parliament are not just a seat of power; they also play host to unique events and ceremonies. For instance, the annual State Opening of Parliament features the Queen’s Speech and is a blend of tradition and modern governance, marked by the Queen’s procession and the ceremonial opening of the new parliamentary session.