The Summer Palace (Yiheyuan) is a vast ensemble of lakes, gardens, and palaces located in the Haidian District of Beijing, near the university area of Wudaokou. It covers an area of approximately 2.9 square kilometers, making it one of the largest and most well-preserved royal parks in China. The palace complex was originally constructed in the 18th century during the Qing Dynasty and served as a royal retreat.
One of the hidden gems of the Summer Palace is the Kunming Lake, which occupies about three-quarters of the entire area of the park. The lake was designed to resemble the West Lake in Hangzhou and is an artificial creation. Visitors can enjoy boat rides on the lake, which provide stunning views of the surrounding hills and palaces. The lake is also home to over 300 species of birds, making it an excellent spot for birdwatching.
The Long Corridor is a notable architectural feature within the Summer Palace. Stretching 728 meters, it is adorned with over 14,000 colorful paintings that depict scenes from Chinese history and mythology. The corridor was built to provide shade and shelter for the Empress Dowager Cixi and her court as they walked along the lake. Its unique design allows visitors to enjoy the beautiful scenery while being protected from the sun and rain.
Another interesting fact is that the Summer Palace was severely damaged during the Second Opium War in 1860. It was subsequently rebuilt and expanded under the guidance of Empress Dowager Cixi, who transformed it into a lavish retreat. During this renovation, the Tower of Buddhist Incense was constructed, which stands majestically on Longevity Hill. This octagonal tower serves as a prominent symbol of the palace and offers panoramic views of the surrounding landscape.
The Marble Boat is another fascinating structure located at the Summer Palace. Built in 1755, this boat is made of wood but is painted to resemble marble. It was intended to symbolize the stability and longevity of the Qing Dynasty. Interestingly, the boat never sailed; instead, it served as a teahouse for the imperial family during their leisure time.
The Summer Palace was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1998, recognized for its outstanding landscape and cultural significance. It remains a popular destination for both tourists and locals, offering a peaceful retreat from the bustling city of Beijing.