Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden, located in Shinjuku, Tokyo, is one of the city's largest and most popular parks. Originally completed during the Edo Period as a feudal lord's Tokyo residence, the garden was later converted into a botanical garden before becoming a national garden. It spans approximately 58.3 hectares and has a circumference of 3.5 kilometers.
The garden's design is a blend of three distinct styles: traditional Japanese, formal French, and English landscape garden. The Japanese garden features classic elements such as ponds, bridges, and teahouses, including the Kyu Goryotei (Taiwan Pavilion), which was constructed to commemorate the marriage of Emperor Showa.
One of the most fascinating aspects of Shinjuku Gyoen is its collection of cherry trees. The garden boasts over 1,500 cherry trees of various species, making it a premier destination for cherry blossom viewing, known as hanami. The Somei Yoshino, a popular cherry tree variety, can be found in abundance here, alongside other types like the Shidarezakura (weeping cherry).
In addition to cherry blossoms, the garden hosts numerous other botanical highlights. The greenhouse, built in 1950 and renovated in 2012, contains a diverse collection of tropical and subtropical plants. Notably, the greenhouse houses a variety of orchids, including rare species that are not commonly found elsewhere.
Shinjuku Gyoen also has historical significance. During World War II, it was destroyed by air raids but was later rebuilt and reopened to the public in 1949. The gardens have since been used for various official functions, including hosting foreign dignitaries.
The garden is also home to a number of hidden gems that are often overlooked by casual visitors. For instance, the Naito Shinjuku area, located within the garden, was once a bustling post town during the Edo period. Today, visitors can find remnants of this historical area, offering a glimpse into Tokyo's past.
Another lesser-known fact is that the garden features a Momijiyama (Maple Mountain), which is particularly spectacular in autumn. The vibrant colors of the maple leaves attract many visitors during the fall season. Additionally, Shinjuku Gyoen is home to a variety of bird species, making it a popular spot for bird watching.
Finally, Shinjuku Gyoen is famous for its seasonal events, including the Shinjuku Gyoen Chrysanthemum Exhibition. Held every November, this exhibition showcases meticulously cultivated chrysanthemums, a flower that holds significant cultural importance in Japan.
In summary, Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden is a multifaceted space that combines natural beauty, historical significance, and cultural events, making it a must-visit destination in Tokyo.