Xicheng District in Beijing is rich in history, yet many of its historical figures remain obscured by time. One such figure is Zhou Enlai, China’s first Premier, who played a crucial role during the early years of the People's Republic. While he is widely recognized for his diplomatic efforts, few know that he grew up near Xicheng and was an avid fan of traditional Chinese opera, particularly the Peking opera. This passion influenced his political negotiations, as he often used cultural references to communicate effectively with both allies and adversaries.
Another lesser-known figure is Cai Yuanpei, an influential educator and reformer who served as the president of Peking University. He was instrumental in promoting modern education in China. Cai was also a significant advocate for the arts and supported the establishment of the Beijing Fine Arts Academy. Interestingly, he was a proponent of women’s education, which was quite progressive for his time. His efforts laid the groundwork for many educational reforms that followed in Xicheng and beyond.
The poet Xu Zhimo is another figure tied to the cultural landscape of Xicheng. While famous for his romantic poetry, Xu was also a fervent supporter of modern literature and was closely associated with the New Culture Movement. One trivia aspect is that he was deeply influenced by Western literature and even spent time studying at Columbia University. His time abroad allowed him to blend Eastern and Western literary styles, resulting in a unique poetic voice that still resonates today.
Additionally, the area is linked to the influential military leader Li Dazhao, a co-founder of the Chinese Communist Party. Li’s work in Xicheng involved educating youth about revolutionary ideas, and he often held secret meetings in local cafes. His writings and speeches emphasized the importance of class struggle and social justice, which were radical ideas at the time but have since shaped Chinese political thought.
Finally, the less-known figure of Lao She, a celebrated novelist and playwright, spent much of his early life in Xicheng. His works often reflect the social dynamics and struggles of Beijing's ordinary citizens. Interestingly, Lao She was also a passionate supporter of traditional Beijing cuisine, and his love for food often found its way into his storytelling, making his characters more relatable and grounded in the local culture.
These figures, while notable in their contributions, continue to remain overshadowed by more prominent historical narratives, yet their stories are integral to understanding the rich tapestry of Xicheng's history.